Dutula lo Yordan
| Dutula Yordan | |
|---|---|
 Dutula Yordan Tolo-toluhu tohilaya’o pilito wolota lo Yordania, duluhu otolopa Palestina, Israel, wawu Suriah bagiangi bardaya. | |
| Ciri-ciri fisik | |
| Muara sungai | |
| - elevasi | -416 units? |
Dutula Yordan deuyito Dutula haya’iyo kilometer (156 mil) to Timur Tengah tolo-tolohu lonto Tilayo ode Huliyaliyo lumawode Bulalo Galilea (bahasa Ibrani: כנרת Kinneret, bahasa Arab: Bohayrat Tabaraya, yartiliyo Bulalo Tiberias) wawu ode Laut Mati. Yordania wawu Dataran yitato Golan babatasi wolo dutula boti to imbihu pobutuwa ,sementara toimbihu otolopa Palestina wawu Israel woluwo to imbihu otolopaliypo,Yordania meyambo Bihiyo otolopa lohama tanggulo timongoliyo monto dutula boti.
Dutula botiye otanggulo palalu todelomo agama Yahudi (agama)|Yahudi wawu Kekristenan|Kristen. Huhama Alkitab, bangusa Israel mobalanga’o ode Tanah Suci|Huta pilojanjiya wawu Yesus|Yesus lonto Nazaret Pembaptisan Yesus|dibaptis ole Yohanes Pembaptis di sungai ini.[1]
Etimologi
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Tanggulo delomo bahasa Ibrani: "ירדן" (yardén, lang-en|descender, artiliyo tamolahu. lonto akar kata "ירד" (yarad, ang-en|to descend, tuwawu lotahe artiliyo”lahu,molahu,ode tibawa ".[2]
Ciri fisik
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Wala’o Dutula
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Botiye de’uyito wala’o dutula u’ulawuwa lowali dutula yordan to kolam imbihu tilayo,lonto otolopa ode pobutuwa:
- :en:Nahal Ayun|Ayun (Ibrani: עיון Ayun, Arabic: دردره Dardara or براغيث Braghith - to peta mulolo yilumeneto :en:Palestine Exploration Fund|Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) tula-tuladu lali Nahr Bareighit to Imbihu huliyaliyo wawu Wadi el-Kharrar to :en:Marjeyoun District|area Merj 'Ayun, tolo-tolohe lonto Lebanon.
- Dutula Hasbani|Hasbani (Arab: الحاصباني Hasbani, Ibrani: שניר Snir meyambo Hatzbani), tilumoloheyi lonto Gunung Libanon.
- :en:Dan River (Middle East)|Dan (Ibrani: דן Wawu, Arab: اللدان Leddan), butuliyo ode bungo lo y Hu’idu Hermon.
- :en:Banias|Banias (Arabi: بانياس Banias, Ibrani: Baniasmeyambo חרמון Hermon), sumberliyo lonto matolotaluhu tuwawu to Barnias, to bungo Hu’idu Hermon.
Imbihu Huliyaliyo Bulalo Galilea dutula boti mololimo tolohiyo lotaluhu lonto wala’o dutula uwewoliyoma’o ,u lelemulo towolotaliyo :
- :en:Yarmouk River|sungai Yarmouk
- :en:Zarqa River|sungai Zarqa
Tolohiyo
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Dutula botiye lolahe da’a to potoloheliyo ngohilaya’o 75-kilometer (47 mi) ke arah Lembah Hula|Bulalo Hula,dudutuliyo ngo’idi toyitato datahu deheto.lumuwalo lonto bulalo boyito,Dutula boti tuhu-tuhuto lebe molamingo ngohilaya’o convert|25|km ode Danau Galilea. Ngotayadiyo pulitiyo tilemba, sehingga tolohiyo moopoto to;udipo tumuwoto Laut Mati, sekitar 422 meter totibawa permukaan deheto, teto didu’u tolo-tolohu (:en:Endorheic basin|endorheic basin). Duluwo wala’o dutula utama tumuwoto monto pobutuwa imbihu pulitiyo boti de’uyito Dutula Yarmouk wawu Dutula Zarga.
Imbihu Tilayo Bulalo Galilea (Ibrani: כנרת Kinneret, Arabi: Bohayrat Tabaraya, artiliyo Bulalo Tiberias) yilantalaliyo tumuwoto todelomo pilito Israel, Dutula boti lowali pilito imbihu otolopa wolo Dataran molanggato Golan. Imbihu pobutuwa bulalo,Dutula boti lowali pilito wolota lo Yordania|Kerajaan Yordania (imbihu pobutuwa wawu Israel wolo Palestina (imbihu otolopa).
Dampak ode Manusia
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Berkas:Jordan Abbud.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kartu pos otilidalaliyo dutula Yordan, karya Karimeh Abbud, todelomo tawunu 1925. To tawunu 1964, Israel lo mulai mengoperasikan stasiun pomba mopotolohu taluhu monto deheto Galilea ode "Pengangkut Air Nasional Israel|Pengangkut Air Nasional". to tawunu U sama, Yordania lomongu Terusan (geografi)|terusan mopotolohu taluhu lonto dutula Yarmouk, wala'o dutula uwewoliyoma'o lonto dutula Yordan,ode Terusan Raja Abdullah|Terusan Ghor imbihu pobutuwa. Suriah olo malo mongu waduk he metampungi taluhu Yarmouk. Para aktivis lingkungan hemopotala Israel, Yordania, wawu Suriah to o'antulu lo ekosistem dutula Yordan.[3]
Paraluliyo lo Alkitab
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Berkas:Dore joshua crossing.jpg|thumb|right|320px|" ta'ukekeingi Israil mobalango Taluhu dutulaYordan" ilomata le Gustave Doré
Al Kitab Ibrani
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]In the Hebrew Bible the Jordan is referred to as the source of fertility to a large plain ("Kikkar ha-Yarden"), and it is said to be like "the garden of God" (Book of Genesis|Genesis {{bibleverse-nb||Genesis|13:10|HE). There is no regular description of the Jordan in the Bible; only scattered and indefinite references to it are given. Jacob crossed it and its tributary, the Jabbok (the modern Al-Zarqa), on his way back from Haran (bibleverse||Genesis|32:11|HE, bibleverse-nb||Genesis|32:23-24|HE). It is noted as the line of demarcation between the "two tribes and the half tribe" settled to the Transjordan (Bible)|east (Book of Numbers|Numbers bibleverse-nb||Numbers|34:15|HE) and the "nine tribes and the half tribe of Manasseh" that, led by Joshua, settled to the west (bibleverse||Joshua|13:7|HE, passim).
Opposite Jericho, it was called "the Jordan of Jericho" (bibleverse||Numbers|34:15|HE; bibleverse-nb||Numbers|35:1|HE). The Jordan has a number of ford (crossing)|fords, and one of them is famous as the place where many Ephraimites were slain by Jephthah (Book of Judges|Judges bibleverse-nb||Judges|12:5-6|HE). It seems that these are the same fords mentioned as being near Beth-barah, where Gideon lay in wait for the Midian ites (bibleverse||Judges|7:24|HE). In the plain of the Jordan, between Sukkot|Succoth and Zarthan, is the clay ground where Solomon had his brass-foundries (Books of Kings|1 Kings bibleverse-nb|1|Kings|7:46|HE).
In biblical history, the Jordan appears as the scene of several miracles, the first taking place when the Jordan, near Jericho, was crossed by the Israelites under Joshua (bibleverse||Joshua|3:15-17|HE). Later the two tribes and the half tribe that settled east of the Jordan built a large altar on its banks as "a witness" between them and the other tribes (bibleverse||Joshua|22:10|HE, bibleverse-nb||Joshua|22:26|HE, et seq.). The Jordan was crossed by Elijah and Elisha on dry ground (bibleverse|2|Kings|2:8|HE, bibleverse-nb|2|Kings|2:14|HE). God thrived through Elisha performing two other miracles at the Jordan: God healed Naaman by having him bathe in its waters, and he made the axe head of one of the "children of the prophets" float, by throwing a piece of wood into the water (bibleverse|2|Kings|5:14|HE; bibleverse-nb|2|Kings|6:6|HE).
Paraluliyo lo Simbolis
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]The Jordan is a frequent symbol in Folk music|folk, Gospel music|gospel, and Spiritual (music)|spiritual music, and in poetry|poetic and literature|literary works.
Because the Israelites made a difficult and hazardous journey from slavery in Egypt to freedom in Promised Land|The Promised Land, the Jordan can refer to freedom. The actual crossing is the final step of the journey, which is then complete.
Because of the baptism of Jesus, water from the Jordan is employed for the christening of heirs and princes in several Christian royal houses, such as the cases of Prince George of Cambridge, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha|Simeon of Bulgaria[4] or James Ogilvy.[5]
In modern times, the waters are 70% to 90% used for human purposes and the flow is greatly reduced. Because of this and the high evaporation rate of the Dead Sea, as well as industrial extraction of salts through evaporation ponds the sea is shrinking. All the shallow waters of the southern end of the sea have been drained in modern times and are now salt flats.
Small sections of the northernmost portion of the Lower Jordan, between the Sea of Galilee and the confluence with the Yarmouk River, have been kept pristine for baptisms. Most polluted is the 100 kilometre downstream stretch - a meandering stream from the confluence with the Yarmouk to the Dead Sea. Environmentalists say the practice has almost destroyed the river's ecosystem. Rescuing the river could take decades, according to environmentalists.[3] In 2007, Friends of the Earth Middle East (FoEME) named the Jordan River as one of the world's 100 most endangered ecological sites, due in part to lack of cooperation between Israel and neighboring Arab states.[6] The same environmentalist organization said in a report that the Jordan River could dry up by 2011 unless the decay is stopped.[7] The flow rate of the Jordan River once was 1.3 billion cubic metres per year; as of 2010, just 20 to 30 million cubic metres per year flow into the Dead Sea.[7] For comparison, the total amount of desalinated water produced by Israel by 2012 will be about 500 million cubic metres per year.
Paraluliyo
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Taluhu Dutula Yordan lowali sumber daya lotaluhu uparalu ode Israel wawu, ode lenggota molaminga'o lo'u mopa , ode Yordania. National Water Carrier, yilapato bilonguliyo to tawunu 1964 ,mopotolohu taluhu lonto deheto Galilea ode datahu pesisir Israel. Yordania mololimo taluhu lonto Israel sejak lojanjiya damai Israel-Yordania to tawun 1994 yilumuwala to pipa lonto deheto Galilea.
Binggila lo tolohu Dutula deuyito faktor sababu pateya wolomo huyi #Perselisihan air|pateya wolomo huyi to'u hemongusaha mopoheyi ngotilayadu patahu dutula lokaraja sama wolo Lebanon wawu Yordania.[8] Karaja mopoheyi boyito mongilangi osadiya lotaluhu ode kapali induk Israel sekitar 35%, wawu pasokan taluhu Israel mo'a'amilala sekitar 11%.[9] to hulalo April 1967, Israel melancarkan serangan udara ode Suriah mopoberendi karaja boti, wawu dulohula lapatiyoma'o Porang wolomo huyi debo lowali. Penggunaan taluhu dutula Yordan tilanggulaliyo odelo sababu porang ole Ariel Sharon, lobisala,
tawu-tawuwalo umumnya hemonganggapu 5 Juni 1967 lowali dulahu milulayiyaliyo porang wolomo huyi.uyito tanggal resmi ,dabo konyataanliyo milulayiyaliyo dulotawunu apingo to'udipo ,tuhataliyo todulahu Israil lomutusani mohama tindakan ode molalila dutula Yordan.[8]
Transport
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Dalala da'a 90 (Israel)|Rute 90, ngotayadiyo tilanggulaliyo Rehavam Zeevi, mopowumbuto ujungi lo tilayo wawu Huliyaliyo Israel wawu ngorata wolo dutula Yordan to duluhu otolopa.
To delomo budaya populer
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]Dutula Yordan, terutama karena makna spiritualiyo kaya, lapato menginspirasi dadata lagu, himne, wawu cirita, lemaso lagu spiritual/folk tradisional Afrika-Amerika "Michael Row the Boat Ashore". Dutula botiye tilanggulaliyo todelomo lagu "Eve of Destruction (lagu)|Eve of Destruction", "Will You Be There", dan "The Wayfaring Stranger (lagu)|The Wayfaring Stranger", serta dalam "Ol' Man River" lonto musikal "Show Boat". Lagu "The Far Side Banks Of Jordan" oleh Johnny Cash dan June Carter Cash delomo album studio talo'ohama Grammy Award, "Press On", lo'otanggula olo dutula Yordan wolo huta pilojanjiya.
Galeri
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]
imbihu tilayo lembah Jordan Rift bilohela monto hengo (NASA; Februari 2005))
Dutula Yordan (November 2005)
Dutula Yordan (November 2006)
Dutla Yordan wawu Hulude "Kfar-Hanasi" (November 2006)
Dutula Yordan to musim semi (April 2007)
Dutula Yordan imbihu huliyaliyo lo hulude "Bnot Ya'akov" ("Putri-putri Yakub") (Mei 2009)
Peta sumber-sumber taluhu dutula Yordan. Januari 1869.
</gallery>
Bilohi olo
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]- Jordan Rift Valley.
- Jordan River Crossing.
- Lembah Yordania|Lembah Yordan.
- Ed-Dikke synagogue.
Referensi
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]- ↑ cite web|title=An Interfaith Look at the Jordan River|url=http://www.interfaithsustain.com/an-interfaith-look-at-the-jordan-river/%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418195919/http://www.interfaithsustain.com/an-interfaith-look-at-the-jordan-river/%7Carchive-date=18 April 2017|access-date=16 January 2017
- ↑ Klein, Ernest, A Comprehensive Etymology|Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English, The University of Haifa, Carta, Jerusalem, p.264
- 1 2 Plushnick-Masti, Ramil (10 September 2006). "Limbah Mentah Mopokotoro dutula Yordan u Suci". The Washington Post. Diakses tanggal 10 Oktober 2010.
- ↑ Kate Connolly, "Once upon a time in Bulgaria", The Guardian, 20 June 2001.
- ↑ {{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Baptized |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,871108-1,00.html Diarsipkan 2009-09-02 di Wayback Machine. |quote= water from the River Jordan was sent for the occasion; |publisher=Time (magazine) |date=May 22, 1964 |accessdate=2008-03-11
- ↑ "Endangered Jordan", Dateline World Jewry, World Jewish Congress, September, 2007
- 1 2 Jordan River could die by 2011
- 1 2 Mehr, Farhang, The politics of water, delomo, Antonino Zichichi, Richard C. Ragaini, eds., Seminar Internasional tentang Porang Nuklir wawu Keadaan Darurat Planet, sesi O- tolopulu, Erice, Italia, 18–26 Agustus 2003, Ettore Majorana International Centre for Scientific Culture, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pie. Ltd., 2004, hlm. 258, 259
- ↑ cite web |publisher=Murakami |year=1995 |url= http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80858e/80858E0m.htm Diarsipkan 2010-12-02 di Wayback Machine. |title=Lampiran C: Tinjauan historis isu-isu politik riparian delomo layi'o dutula Yordan wawu pengelolaan DAS
Pranala luar
[boli'a | boli'a bungo]
- SMART - Multilateral project for sustainable water management in the lower Jordan Valley
- Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Jordan River Dispute Diarsipkan 2010-09-30 di Wayback Machine.
- "Map of the River Jordan and Dead Sea: And the Route of the Party Under the Command of Lieutenant W.F. Lynch, United States Navy" is a map from the mid-19th century of the River Jordan and Dead Sea
- "The Jordan River" in which John the Baptist baptized his cousin Jesus of Nazareth. (Yardenit.com)
33°11′12″N 35°37′09″E / 33.18667°N 35.61917°E
Authority control Kategori:Dutula to Israel|Yordan Kategori:Dutula to Yordania|Yordan Kategori:Tambati to Alkitab